0️⃣0️⃣ Understanding IP

Understanding IP Addresses and ifconfig Command

Introduction:

IP addresses are crucial identifiers in computer networks, enabling communication between devices. The ifconfig command provides a snapshot of network configuration on a Unix-like system.

Executing ifconfig:

ifconfig

This command reveals detailed information about network interfaces, including IP addresses, MAC addresses, and more.

The ipv4 of the machine you're on

IP Address Types:

IPv4 (inet):

• IPv4 addresses are the traditional numerical labels assigned to devices on a network.

• In the ifconfig output, IPv4 addresses are denoted by the keyword inet.

IPv6 (inet6):

• IPv6 addresses are a more modern and expansive system to accommodate the increasing number of devices.

• In the ifconfig output, IPv6 addresses are denoted by the keyword inet6.

IP Address Classes:

IP addresses are categorized into classes, traditionally denoted as A, B, and C classes. These classes represent different ranges of IP addresses.

A, B, C Classes:

1. Class A (0.0.0.0 to 126.255.255.255):

   • Suitable for large networks.

   • First octet represents the network, and the remaining three octets represent hosts.

2. Class B (128.0.0.0 to 191.255.255.255):

   • Balances between network and host capacity.

   • First two octets represent the network, and the remaining two octets represent hosts.

3. Class C (192.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.255):

   • Suitable for smaller networks.

   • First three octets represent the network, and the last octet represents hosts.

Additional Insights:

• Network Mask: The subnet mask specifies the network portion of an IP address.

• MAC Address: The hardware address uniquely identifying a network interface.

• RX, TX: Indicate received and transmitted data, respectively.

Practical Use:

Understanding IP addresses is essential for network administrators, security professionals, and enthusiasts. Use ifconfig to inspect network configurations, diagnose issues, and gain insights into your system's connectivity.

For more in-depth exploration of IP addresses and networking concepts, consider referring to official documentation or online tutorials.